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The Qing official headwear or Qingdai guanmao (Chinese: 清代官帽; pinyin: qīngdài guānmào; lit. Qing dynasty in China. Chinese: 官帽; pinyin: guānmào; lit. The Qing official headwear typically forms of part of the qizhuang system as opposed to the hanfu system and were completely different from the types of guanmao used in the previous dynasties. Xiaomao (Chinese: 小帽, “little cap”) was a type of daily hat worn by the officials of the Qing dynasty; however, it actually dated from the late Ming dynasty and was popular from the late Ming to the end of the Republic of China period. Emperor to his officials who had accomplished meritorious services and the greatest number of peacock eyes represents the highest honour bestowed. 13 The inside of the hat however was red in colour; there was a knot on the top of the hat which was typically made of red threads. The knot was black except when there was a funeral, in which case the knot was white. 13 When worn by common people, women hanfu it was known as the guapimao or melon rind cap. Nuanmao (Chinese: 暖帽; lit. Qing dynasty during the winter seasons. Qing dynasty during the summer seasons; it was a typical form of Manchu headwear items in qizhuang. Liangmao (Chinese: 涼帽; lit. This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. The button or knob would become a finial during formal court ceremonies held by the Emperor. It consisted of a black velvet cap in winter, or a hat woven in rattan or similar materials in summer, both with a button on the top. Red silk tassels extended down from the finial to cover the hat, and a large peacock feather (with one to three “eyes”) could be attached to the back of the hat, should the merit of wearing it have been granted by the emperor. Officials would have to change their tops on the hat, for non-formal ceremonies or daily businesses. An officer of the first grade wore a translucent red ball (originally ruby); second grade, solid red ball (originally coral); third grade, translucent blue ball (originally sapphire); fourth grade, solid blue ball; fifth grade, translucent white ball (originally crystal); sixth grade, solid white ball (originally mother of pearl). Officers of the seventh to ninth grade wore gold or clear amber balls of varied designs. The royalty and nobility used various numbers of pearls. Yang, Shaorong (2004). Traditional Chinese Clothing Costumes, Adornments & Culture. San Francisco: Long River Press. Welt museum Wien (2017-10-30). “Weltmuseum Wien: Winter hat for a civil servant”. Wang, Guojun (2020). Staging Personhood : Costuming in Early Qing Drama. This page was last edited on 17 September 2024, at 03:03 (UTC). By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

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Zhanjiao Futou (展角幞頭, lit. Chinese dynasties dated from Song to Ming. The thin flaps were stiff and straight, and could extend up to almost a meter each. It consisted of a black hat with two wing-like flaps. It is rumoured that the founder of the Song dynasty, Emperor Taizu of Song, designed this hat so that during assemblies his officials would be kept apart by the flaps and would not whisper to each other. Was a Classic Chinese Hat an Early Form of Social Distancing? This article related to the history of China is a stub. The style was also later adapted (with modifications) by the Ming dynasty, authorized for court wear. This clothing-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply. This page was last edited on 3 June 2024, at 03:12 (UTC). By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

People from different countries each have their traditional attire. Japanese have the kimono and the Scottish have their kilts. The name stems from the Han nationality, who are the dominant ethnicity in China, and who account for more than 90 percent of the mainland’s population. China also has traditional clothing, which is called ‘Hanfu’( 汉服hàn fú). Ancient Hanfu dates back to the time of Yellow Emperor, which was about 4,000 years ago. The traditional clothing system of Han people is today divided into two phases: ancient and modern. It continued developing until about 300 or 400 years ago, when the Qing Dynasty’s policy on hair and dress intervened. Before that, there were dozens or even hundreds of styles of traditional Chinese clothes throughout its history. Let’s take a peek at the most typical styles of Chinese traditional clothing. Ruqun one kind of hanfu. Around the beginning of the 20th century, the country started moving more towards Western-style clothing. The clothes worn on the upper body are called “Ru”, and the part on the lower body is called “Qun”. It is a typical “Shangyi Xiachang” (top clothes and underdress) form. Together, they are called “Ruqun”. Ruqun has an obvious feature: the shirt portion is very short and the skirt portion begins very high, usually just below the collarbone. The Ruqun appeared in the Warring States Period; it was worn by females in China until the end of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The top, which can come down to the knees or below, crosses in front and is held closed with a waist tie. Shenyi, in contrast, is a style of clothing with a longer upper portion and accent colors/fabrics on the edging and belt. This style of clothing (see below) looks very graceful and elegant. This style of clothing has a long gown with a round neckline, and can have a collar that that buttons on the side of the neck. Shenyi can be subdivided into “Zhiju (直裾-Straight Ju Dress)” and “Quju (曲裾-Wavy Ju Dress)”. Nowadays, this clothing style is regarded as the official dress of China. This style could also have slits on the sides for horseback riding. In addition to these three types, chinese traditional female clothing there are many subdivisions with subtle differences. Similar to those of females, men also have Shenyi (深衣), Zhiju (直裾), Ru (襦) and the Round collar Robe (圆领袍). In addition, there are two other distinctive styles for men. Yi is worn on the upper body, and Shang are worn on the lower half of the body, like a dress. Yishang is the most typical type of clothing for men’s Hanfu. Similar to the concept of Ruqun, women wear Ruqun, while men wear Yishang. Lan shan is a special form of Shenyi. This clothing is practical for everyday wear, and was worn mainly by students. These are a single piece that crosses and attaches on one side. It would take an entire book to explore all the styles and sub-styles, but we wanted to give you a little taste of some of Chinese traditional fashion. Chinese Hanfu has so many sub-types and it continues to evolve as time goes by. If you have an interest in knowing more about Chinese culture, sign up on Lingo Bus and access our learning resources now! Leave us a comment if you have any questions!

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In this year’s Irvine Chinese School Summer Camp, the children embarked on a wonderful journey of exploring ancient Chinese clothing culture with curiosity. At the beginning of the activity, the children personally wove Ruyi knot jade pendants, cloud pattern beaded bracelets, spring flower round fans, and jade official hats. This special course was carefully planned by the cultural workshop teacher, leading the students step by step to understand what the ancients wore and how they wore it. Under the guidance of the teacher, the children initially felt the charm of traditional Chinese culture through these exquisite handicrafts. Afterwards, they designed and made their own unique Hanfu according to the paper patterns. Whether it was a cross-collar right lapel, an open round lapel, or a dragon robe, each piece of clothing was unique. The embellishment of various laces, such as bronze patterns, tripod patterns, phoenix patterns, bat patterns, and sea tide patterns, made the children seem to travel through the time corridor of ancient times, experiencing the artistic beauty of traditional Chinese aesthetics firsthand. Wearing Hanfu, matching with homemade hats and accessories, and combing their hair into buns with hairpins, the children seemed to transform into little talented scholars and beautiful women from ancient times. The highlight of the event was learning the “walking” of the ancients. Coinciding with US Independence Day, the fashion show also showcased the results of the students’ tie-dyeing from last week. Each white T-shirt was tied, colored, heated, and stirred by the children themselves, each with its own unique characteristics. As the fashion show came to an end, the children took off their Hanfu, revealing the red, white, and blue T-shirts inside. When the audience saw the children holding round fans, and lanterns, and taking subtle wave-like steps on the stage, it was as if they were in a classical poetic painting. They put on star-shaped sunglasses and walked out with a cool and confident stride, holding red, white, and blue balloons, and eating red, white, and blue popsicles. The atmosphere reached a climax as the children returned to the modern era, happily celebrating National Day together. On the day of the show, parents were also invited to witness their children’s growth and progress. Every dance step and every look was full of respect and love for traditional culture. On stage, the children confidently demonstrated the knowledge and skills they had learned to the accompaniment of melodious classical music. The audience frequently burst into warm applause, creating a warm and moving atmosphere. Everyone agreed that such cultural experience activities not only enriched the children’s summer life but also contributed to the inheritance and promotion of China’s excellent traditional culture. This wonderful fashion show not only allowed the children to experience the beauty of traditional Chinese costumes but also cultivated their love and pride in Chinese culture. The event received unanimous praise from parents. Irvine Chinese School will continue to be committed to enabling more children to deeply understand and inherit China’s excellent traditional culture through vivid and interesting activities during the process of learning Chinese.

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Tongtianguanfu (Chinese: 通天冠服) is a form of court attire in hanfu which was worn by the emperor during the Song dynasty on very important occasions, such as grand court sessions and during major title-granting ceremonies. The attire traces its origin from the Han dynasty. The tongtianguanfu was composed of a red outer robe, a white inner robe, a bixi, and a guan called tongtianguan, and a neck accessory called fangxin quling. The term tongtian means “direct links with heaven”. The gauze outer robe (paofu), called jiangshapao (Chinese: 绛纱袍). It was crimson in colour with patterns of clouds and dragons embroidery which was gold and red in colours. The crimson outer robe was worn with a red gauze skirt and a crimson bixi (Chinese: 蔽膝, knee cover) was fastened around the waist of its wearer. There were black borders stitched to the collar, sleeves, lapels and hems of the crimson outer robe. The high crown was called tongtianguan (Chinese: 通天冠; lit. The tongtianguan was exclusively worn by the Emperor during some grand ceremonies. Tang dynasty, tongtianguan of the Emperor had 24 beams. A pendant-like ornament called fangxin quling (Chinese: 方心曲领; lit. The inner garment was a white robe (Chinese: 白纱中单). It was made out of silk and was cut into a circle (which hung around the neck and shoulder areas) and a square (either solid or open square) which would fall over the cross-collared lapels of the paofu. The fangxin quling was a notable feature in the ceremonial court attire of the Song and Ming dynasties. A belt with ribbons was also tied to the waist. As footwear, the Emperor would have worn white stockings and black shoes. The shape of the circle and square symbolized the Heaven and earth respectively. Tongtianguan (通天冠) from the Gujin Tushu Jicheng. Fangxin quling (方心曲領) from the Gujin Tushu Jicheng. Crimson robe (絳紗袍) from the Gujin Tushu Jicheng. Han dynasty tongtianguan seen on the Wu Family Shrines stone-relief (worn by King Xuan of Qi). Jin dynasty tongtianguan seen on the Admonitions Scroll by Gu Kaizhi (worn by Emperor Yuan of Han). Jin dynasty tongtianguan seen on a segment of Wise and Benevolent Women-scroll painting by Gu Kaizhi (on the left; worn by King Wu of Chu). Northern Wei dynasty lacquer painting of Duke Ling of Wey wearing a tongtianguan. Northern Yan golden cicada-patterned dang plaque ornament, used on headwear such as the tongtianguan. Tang dynasty tongtianguan as depicted on Wu Daozi’s scroll-painting. 5000 years of Chinese costumes. Xun Zhou, Chunming Gao, 周汛, Shanghai Shi xi qu xue xiao. Zhongguo fu zhuang shi yan jiu zu. Fang, Alex Chengyu (2016). The Language and Iconography of Chinese Charms: Deciphering a Past Belief System. San Francisco, CA: China Books & Periodicals. Bangwei Zhang, Fusheng Liu, Chongbang Cai, Zengyu Wang, Peter Ditmanson, Bang Qian Zhu (Updated ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom. pp. Zhu, Ruixi; 朱瑞熙 (2016). A social history of middle-period China : the Song, Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties. Bei jing you dian da xue chu ban she. 董进. (2011). Q版大明衣冠图志. 臧, 迎春 (2003). 中国传统服饰. Book of Later Han. 五洲传播出版社. Yuan, active Liu. Cambridge, Mass. This clothing-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. 通天冠，高九寸，正竖，顶少邪却，乃直下为铁卷梁，前有山，展筒为述，乘舆所常服。 Burkus, Anne Gail (2010). Through a forest of chancellors : fugitive histories in Liu Yuan’s Lingyan ge, an illustrated book from seventeenth-century Suzhou. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. This China-related article is a stub. This page was last edited on 4 June 2024, at 15:57 (UTC). By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Lanshan. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. This page was last edited on 16 October 2018, at 04:03 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

The Kimono received significant influence from the Chinese Hanfu. This is especially evident when you take a look at Earlier Dynastic Hanfu. In the past, the Japanese and many other Asian Kingdoms adopted the Chinese court dress code, a testament to the power and cultural appeal that Imperial China have at the time. During the Qing Dynasty, the Hanfu was banned from use and the Qipao is forced upon the Chinese (As well as the ridiculous Pigtail). However, you must understand that the Chinese Hanfu undergo changes as different dynasties come and go (Much like modern-day fashion). The Hanfu disappeared as memories of it begin to fade with the Cultural Revolution. Some may even have used measurements from the Japanese Kimono or Korean Hanbok as most of the Chinese have forgotten their Hanfu. As a result, modern-day Hanfus may or may not have the same Historical accuracy. Appearance-wise: The Japanese Kimono and the Hanfu share wide sleeves and a right lapel, as well as an overlapped collar. They are both T-shaped when placed on a flat surface and are traditionally made from silk (Royals or Privileged), satin weaves or cotton (Peasant). They also have different versions for different occasions; Weddings, funerals, Religious Ceremonies and Celebration. However, the Chinese Hanfu is traditionally and usually wore with a “Crown” or a Headpiece. For the women, there is often a one-piece undergarment worn with the hanfu, whereas the Japanese traditionally wore an inner Kimono (Hiyoku). The Chinese also have different Hanfu styles in the past to indicate one’s profession, be it peasant, scholar, soldier, merchant, artisan or of Royal lineage. The sash that the Japanese women wear in their kimono is higher than that of their Hanfu counterparts. The Hanfu also include accessories, from pouches to decorative items. Care and Maintenence: The Japanese used to practise Arai Hari, the taking apart and resewing of the Kimeno(Silk) for washing purposes. The Chinese do not practise this custom due to their higher abundance of silk.

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Hello, I see that you posts a lot of hair ornaments, there are no name for each? I noticed that you also it called a “hairpiece”? I couldn’t tell what’s the difference between hairpin, hairstick and hairpiece. I think (簪) is a hairpin? So do these 2 characters (簪子) mean hairpin, hairstick, or hairpiece? What does it call? It would be very appreciate if there’s an answer to my question! But what if there’s this (子) at the end of the (簪)? Hi, thanks for the question! Thank you very much! The Chinese umbrella term for hair ornaments is Fa Shi/发饰. For detailed information on the different types of Chinese hair ornaments, I highly recommend the following resources: 1) Introduction to Traditional Chinese Hair Ornaments, 2) Categories of Traditional Chinese Hair Accessories, 3) Tradition of China – Hair Ornament Culture, 4) Ten Best Hanfu Jewelry Accessories. The posts on my blog also tend to use hairpin, hairstick, and hairpiece interchangeably. 1) Zan/簪 (aka Zan Zi/簪子, Fa Zan/发簪) – The most basic/common type of Chinese hairpin, typically used to stabilize hair. Also called Zan Zi/簪子 or Fa Zan/发簪 – don’t get confused, they mean the exact same thing. Usually decorated at one end. 2) Chai/钗 (aka Fa Chai/发钗) – Basically a two-pronged Zan. 3) Bu Yao/步摇 – Basically a Zan or Chai with mobile attachments (pendants, tassels, fringes) that swing when the wearer walks. Unlike the Zan which has just one pin/stick, the Chai has two. Hence the name Bu/步 (walk) 摇/Yao (shake). 4) Dian/钿 (aka Hua Dian/花钿) – A small hair ornament shaped like a flower (Hua/花) that is pinned to the hair for decoration (can also take other shapes). Women would bring a comb with them everywhere they went, and eventually started to put Bi on their hair as a means of decoration. Note – this is the hair ornament that Mulan wears in the Disney film! Now of course there are many more types of Chinese hair ornaments, but these are some of the most basic ones. 5) Bi/篦 (aka Bi Zi/篦子) – A fine comb that was originally used to comb and clean hair. I may update this list in the future. Again, for further information, please check out the links I listed above. You can also check out my hair ornaments tag, hairpin tag, and Q&A Masterpost for more resources.

When talking about Chinese costumes, Tang suit (Chinese suit), the Mao suit, and Cheongsam are the three most frequently mentioned forms. Besides these costumes, Hanfu is another form of traditional Chinese costume, which had been ignored for many years. Recently, with the revival of Confucian culture, Hanfu has been realized by people and more and more people like to wear Hanfu in important events, holidays or ceremonies. Hanfu (or Han Chinese clothing) is one of the longest history ethnic costume in the world, from 21st century B.C. Unlike other ethnic costumes, Hanfu is a mass of ethnic Han clothes from Xia and Shang Dynasties to modern days with characteristics of ethnic Han. 17th century, nearly 4000 years history, basing on the Han nationality culture, through the natural evolution, and then formed a unique costume system. The style of Hanfu changed with the dynasties, concise beauty was respected in the early stage (Xia-Shang dynasty to Han dynasty). This period was a strict hierarchy society, the length of the skirt, the wideness of the sleeve or the degree of ornamentation of Shenyi (a common type of Hanfu in this period) represented different positions. Shenyi (Xia-Shang dynasty to Han dynasty), it was primarily worn by women. Tang dynasty was the golden time of ancient China, the culture and economy developed rapidly. Foreign culture came in ancient China and had been well accepted, old notions like the low status of women had been changed, which directly reflected by the change of Hanfu. It used to call for clothes should be covered up the whole body, in Tang dynasty, Hanfu became broad and loss. Shenyi (Xia-Shang dynasty to Han dynasty), it was primarily worn by men. Hanfu n Tang dynasty. From Song dynasty to Ming dynasty, Hanfu changed a lot, the collar mainly became circular type instead of symmetrical type. Hanfu in Qing dynasty inherited these characteristics. ‘The proportion of the upper outer garment to lower skirt in Ming dynasty was significantly inverted. Hanfu in Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty, Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty. Now Hanfu has become a historical heritage of ancient China, it usually appears in important festivals and media entertainment. In late Qing dynasty period, the clothing was affected by western style clothes, especially in the modern society, these western-style clothes instead of Hanfu and became people’s daily wearing. In Nvember, 2003, Wang Letian, an ordinary man, he wore Quju (a form of Hanfu) went to the street, which was based on the limited information and made by other Hanfu fans and himself. He is the first man who wore Hanfu in public places. 2004 is an important year for Hanfu, on October 7th, ‘Beijing Times’ reported a Hanfu activities, a false report appeared at night, and some websites changed the title and called Hanfu ‘shroud’. Journalist Zhang Congxing reported this news in ‘Lianhe Zaobao (the largest Singapore-based Chinese-language newspaper)’, and attracted worldwide attentions, this was the beginning of Hanfu renaissance. Hanfu amateurs sued the company and won this case. In 2006, the Chinese government official website changed the image of Han Chinese to Hanfu, it represented the government approved Hanfu. After this, Hanfu had been well-known, more and more people took part in the Hanfu revival. In the following year, Hanfu had been proposed in CPPCC (Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference) and the National People’s Conference that Hanfu can represent Han Chinese clothing. In 2009, Hanfu fans in British propagandized Hanfu, it was the first overseas Hanfu event had been reported, and it started popularity of Hanfu all over the world. So far, Hanfu had been widely known by both Chinese people and foreigners, the number of Hanfu amateurs increased from only a few people to over 465,000, this is the efforts by Hanfu fans and the government support. In the following years, more and more Hanfu activities will be held, the biggest wish of Hanfu fans is that Hanfu can be accepted by the public in the future. Tang Yan is a big fun of Hanfu. On April 30th, 2013, the first Cross-Strait Hanfu Culture Festival was held in Fuzhou. The first time she knew it was 6 years ago, when she was a college student. Tang went to a Hanfu exhibition with her friend, the exhibition shared the beautiful clothes and the culture of Hanfu. After the exhibition, Tang searched more information about Hanfu, then she realized that Hanfu had become a historical and cultural sign of ancient Chinese rather than the daily clothes. It was minority, and it was hard to find someone who had the same interests, her friends could not understand why Tang suddenly liked Hanfu and wanted to wear it in daily life. ‘They said that was so strange. ‘I fell in love with Hanfu at the first sight! Hanfu is an old thing, people do not wear it now. Hanfu is a vague concept to them, it only has significance to culture. I felt so depressed,’ Tang said. ‘When I found Hanfu Post bar (like Google Group), I felt so happy, I made lots friends, and they are all Hanfu fans. With our efforts, people around us gradually accepted Hanfu, ’Tang smiled. Not everyone can understand her dressing, several time when Tang was walking along the street, people thought the clothes were Kimono (Japanese costume) or Hanbok (Korean costume). In summer days, Tang and her friends organize activities together, they wear Hanfu and go to streets to introduce Hanfu. Actually Kimono and Hanbok are both derived from Hanfu in Tang dynasty, but now people believe Hanfu copies Kimono, that is so ridiculous! Tang and her friends want to broadcast Hanfu and arise people’s attention, not only because its historic significance, but also because Hanfu is Han Chinese’s costume. ‘Some people thought I was wearing Kimono, I had to explain it is Hanfu. Tang’s Hanfu are all made by Li, a tailoress who owns an online taobao shop. Tang Yan wore Hanfu. Most of her goods are Chinese ancient costumes. From 2010, the sales of Hanfu had increased quickly, it soon become the best-selling in Li’s shop. ‘There are so many forms of Hanfu, I could not distinguish them very well at first. Even in Hanfu was better known in 2010 than before, but for most people, they only heard Hanfu before, but did not know exactly what Hanfu is. I really knew little about it, so I searched online, and I found I am not the only one knew little about Hanfu. The information of Hanfu was not as completely as now, there were few ways to know about it’, Li said, she had to ask her clients several times to make sure the clothing is right. But now things go better, Li can get the information online, the information is a complete system. At first I knew nothing about Hanfu, and now I can explain Hanfu very well, I think I am an observer of the process of Hanfu revival,’ Li laughed. ‘From 2010, I have made over 300 Hanfu. ‘People hold different opinions about the Hanfu revival. The arguments of Hanfu revival are mainly focus on three aspects. The first one is about whether Hanfu is the clothing of Han Chinese, because in the process of national assimilation, the costumes and culture of different nationalities were interacted, it is hard to define what Hanfu is. Some people criticize Hanfu revival’, Caicai explained, she is a journalist who had published several news about Hanfu. The second one is about if people can accept Hanfu well, the disappearance of Hanfu is because of historical reasons, in modern days, Hanfu cannot replace western-style clothing, some people argued there is no need to revive Hanfu in modern society. The biggest debate it that, critics argue some Hanfu fans are too radical, which may cause ultranationalist problem, some opponent even called the revival ‘Nazism’, which is unreasonable. The reconstruction of national pride and the revival of Chinese culture are the original intention of Hanfu renaissance, it is purely a cultural consciousness and heritage. The culture of Hanfu is a way to help people understand the history, maybe this is the biggest significance of Hanfu revival. In the future, Tang and her friends will continue promote Hanfu. ‘What we have done is just want to spread our culture, and we do not care the result’.